Parts of Speech // Definition of Parts of Speech // Types of Parts of Speech

PARTS OF SPEECH

The division of all the English words according to their function and usage in the sentence is called parts of speech.

·        All the English words are divided into eight groups.

·        There are around 8 lakh words in English dictionary.

Types of parts of speech

There are eight types of parts of speech.

1. Noun

2. Pronoun

3. Adjective

4. Verb

5. Adverb

6. Preposition

7. Conjunction

8. Interjection

 

Noun: A word which indicates the name of a person, an animal, a place, a thing, an idea etc. is called noun.

Example:-

Guddu is tall.

That is his dog.

He lives in Patna.

Some nouns- Mohan, Sohan, Sumiti, Shafaque, Cat, Rabbit, Patna, Darbhanga, Madilman, Pencil, Pen, etc.

·        The word noun has been taken from Latin word ‘Nomen’ which name.

·        Noun is the largest group of words around 85%.

·        Origin of noun- late 14^th century.

Pronoun: A word which is used instead of noun is called pronoun.

Example:-

Rahul is here. He is a tall boy.

Sita is my sister. She is very clever.

Some pronouns: I, we, you, he, she, It, they, etc.

·        The word pronoun has been taken from Latin word ‘pro’ which means ‘for the place’ and ‘nomen’ which means name.

·        Origin of pronoun- mid 15^th century.

Adjective: A word which qualifies a noun or pronoun is called adjective.

Example:-

It is a good book.

She is a beautiful girl.

Some adjectives: Beautiful, good, bad, sweet, red, white, kind, handsome, fast, intelligent, hot, etc.

·        The word adjective has been taken from Latin word ‘ad’ which means ‘towards’ and ‘ject’ which means ‘thrown’.

·        Origin of adjective- 1350-1400 AD

Verb: A word which indicates an action, position or possession is called verb.

Example:-

He reads English.

She is at school.

He has a bicycle.

Some verbs: Call, sleep, go, come, eat, play, is, am, are, has, have, had, was, were, shall, will, etc.

·        The word verb has been taken from Latin word ‘verbum’ which means ‘word’.

·        Origin of verb- 1350-1400 AD

Adverb: A word which qualifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb is called an adverb.

Example:-

He walks slowly.

They run very fast.

I will talk tomorrow.

Some adverbs: Daily, easily, equally, only, far, more, kindly, almost, always, badly, poorly, tomorrow, etc.

·        The word adverb has been taken from Latin word ‘ad’ which ‘towards’ means and ‘verbum’ which means ‘word’.

·        Origin of adverb- 1520-1530

Preposition: A word which brings relation between verb and other parts of speech, except interjection is called a preposition.

Example:-

He lived here with me.

The dog sat under the table.

Some prepositions: At, in, by, on, of, off, above, under, for, from, between, etc.

·        The word preposition has been taken Latin word ‘pre’ which means ‘before’ and ‘posit’ which means ‘placed’.

·        Origin of preposition- 1360-1400AD

Conjunction: A word which joins two words or sentences together is called a conjunction.

Example:-

I want pen and paper.

You can’t read or write.

Some conjunctions: And, but, or, otherwise, that, when, also, etc.

Interjection: A word which expresses some sudden feeling is called an interjection.

Example:-

Alas! He is dead.

Hello! How are you?

Some interjections- Hello!, oh!, hurrah!, alas!, ah!, etc.

·        The word interjection has been from Latin word ‘inter’ which means ‘between’ and ‘ject’ which means ‘thrown’.

·        Origin of interjection- 1400- 1450AD

Exercise

        A.      Identify the Adverb

    Go through the given sentences and identify the adverb.

1.       We have seen this before.

2.       The postman comes to her daily.

3.       The man repeated the same thing thrice.

4.       Your friend called again.

5.       Please walk forward.

6.       The horse ran away.

7.       My brother writes clearly.

8.       The army fought bravely.

9.       The mangoes are almost ripe.

10.   Are you keeping well

        B.       Identify the Part of Speech

        Go through the following sentences and identify the part of speech of the underlined words.

1.       Namitha is not coming today.

2.       My mom will be leaving to Bangalore tomorrow.

3.       The teacher asked the students to stand.

4.       He is my brother.

5.       There is a cat under the table.

6.       The clothes did not dry as it was raining all night.

7.       Sheena and her sister dance well.

8.       I am wearing a green dress for the party.

9.       Oh! That is really sad.

10.   She is coming with me.