INDIAN
CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE
-Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi’s Biography
1.
Mahatma
Gandhi was born in 1869 and died in 1948.
2.
He is
known as Bapu or the Father of the Nation.
3.
He was
more a spiritual leader than a politician.
4.
He
used truth and non-violence as the chief weapons against the British rule.
5.
He
completely dominated Indian politics from 1915 to 1948.
6.
My
Experiments with Truth is written by Mahatma Gandhi.
7.
My
Experiments with Truth is his autobiography.
INDIAN CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE SUMMARY
This essay “Indian
Civilization and Culture” is written by Mahatma Gandhi who is known as father
of nation. He was born on 2nd Oct 1869 at Porbandar in Gujrat. In
this essay, Mahatma Gandhi has highlighted the salient features of Indian
Civilization and Culture. He says that the foundation of Indian civilization is
far better than the Western civilization and our civilization cannot be beaten
in the world because we are following the path that our ancestors made for us.
There is a charge against us by Western people that we are ignorant and stolid
but Gandhi Jee says this charge is against our merit. We can also do everything
but our civilization does not give us permission to do so.
Gandhi Jee says that our ancestors preferred villages to cities because they
knew cities are full of vices, crimes, robbers and thieves but in villages people
live in peace. Gandhi Jee says that mind is a restless bird the more it gets
the more it wants and remains unsatisfied. So we should not indulge in our
passions.
INDIAN CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE OBJECTIVE
QUESTION
1.
Simple living and high thinking is the base of ________.
a) Iranian Civilization
b) Indian Civilization
c) European Civilization
d) Pakistani Civilization
2.
Gandhi Ji was born in ________.
a) 1880
b)1869
c)1948
d)1865
3.
Indian Civilization and Culture is written by ________.
a)Dr Zakir Hussain
b)Gandhi ji
c)Martin Luther King
d)H E Bates
4.
The autobiography of Gandhiji is ________.
a)The truth and non-violence
b)My experiment with truth
c)Gandhiji
d)Discovery of India
5.
Mahatma Gandhi used ________ and ________ as a chief weapons against
British.
a)truth, non-violence
b)Danda and khadi
c)gun, knife
d)None of these
6.
Nothing can equal the ________ sown by our ancestors.
a)believe
b)culture
c)civilization
d)seed
7.
Civilization is that mode of conduct which points out to man the ________.
a)moral
b)path of duty
c)good man
d)bad man
8.
The Gujarati equivalent for civilization means ________.
a)good person
b)good character
c)good conduct
d)good habit
9.
Our ancestors enjoyed ________ rule.
a)noble
b)city
c)fine
d) home
10. With which one of the following
journal was Mahatma Gandhi associated?
a)young India
b)Indian Mirror
c)New India
d)None of these
11. The charge against India is that ________.
a)her people are uncivilized
b)her people are ignorant
c)her people are stolid
d)all
12. Sacrifice is the sole aim of our ________.
a)farmers
b)politicians
c)scientists
d)Rishis
13. Pharaohs were rulers of Ancient ________.
a) Egypt
b)Russia
c) India
d)Nepal
14. ________ were rulers of Egypt.
a)Sultan
b)Czars
c)Pharaohs
d)Nepal
15. Indian civilization and culture
is ________.
a)an essay
b)story
c)speech
d)drama
16. Gibbon is associated with ________.
a)Italy
b)Greece
c)Germany
d)India
17. Civilization is the state of
development of a ________.
a)People
b)Animal
c)Bird
d)insects
18. Our forefathers did not invent machinery
because ________.
a)These have made up pride
b)These would have made us lazy
c)These would have made us smart.
D)none of these
19. Indian glory is that it is ________.
a) Movable
b)Immovable
c)ignorant
d)forgettable
20. ________ is known as the father
of the nation or Bapu.
a)Mahatma Gandhi
b)Sardal Patel
c)Jawahar Lal Nehru
d)Dr. Zakir Hussain
21. ________ was a spiritual leader
than a politician.
a)S.C. Bose
b)Mahatma Gandhi
c) Nehru
d)Dr. Zakir Hussain
22. “My experiments with truth” was
written by ________.
a) Abul Kalam Azad
b)Sardal Patel
c) Mahatma Gandhi
D)Dr. Zakir Hussain
23. The people of Europe learn their
lessons from the writings of the man of ________.
a) Britain
b)Germany
c)India
d)Greece or Rome
24. The mind is a restless ________.
the more it gets the more it wants.
a)Dog
b)Bird
c)Cow
d)dog
25. I am no hater of the ________.
a) North
b)South
c)West
d)East
26. The world famous Attic
civilization is in ________.
a)Greece
b)Italy
c)Spain
d)Germany
27. Gandhi dominated Indian politics
during ________.
a)1869-1948
b)1919-1948
c)1915-1948
d)1910-1948
28. “Plain living and high thinking”
is the motto of a ________.
a)Western Philosopher
b) American Philosopher
c) Northern Philosopher
d)Pakistani Philosopher
29. The values of ________ are
glittering even today.
a)Indian civilization
b)Roman civilization
c)Greek civilization
d)African Civilization
30. ________ were satisfied with
small villages.
a)Romans
b)Germans
c)Our ancestors
d)Western
31. Indian civilization elevates the ________.
a)Foundation
b)spiritual
c)moral being
d)manmade
32. ________ led nomadic life.
a)man
b)dog
c)lion
d)horse
33. ________ prefers spiritualism to
materialism.
a)Zakir Hussain
b)Gandhi Ji
c)R. Prasad
d)Nehru
34. Modern civilization is mainly the
worship of ________.
a)Idols
b)material
c)arts
d)None of these
35. Gandhijoi went to champaran in ________.
a)1917
b)1916
c)1918
d)1920
36. The people of Europe inspired by
________ and Roman writers.
a)Greek
b)Indian
c)British
d)African
37. Wealth and luxuries do not make a
________ happy.
a)dog
b)man
c)bird
d)horse
38. The western civilization has the
tendency to privilege.
a) Paternity
b) Morality
c)Materiality
d)None of these
39. European civilizationnwill mean
________ for India.
a)want
b)real
c)ruin
d)bad
INDIAN CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE QUESTION
ANSWER
1.
Why does Gandhi Ji say that “mind is a restless bird”? What makes
mind restless?
Ans. Gandhiji says that needs
of mind are unending and indulgence of mind in our passions makes it restless.
2.
How did our ancestors enjoy true Home Rule?
Ans. They disliked courts and
lawyers. They settled their disputes without going to courts. In that way they
enjoyed true Home Rule.
3.
What is civilization in the real sense of the term?
Ans. Civilization, in the real sense of the term is the deliberate and
voluntary restriction of wants. This alone increases and promotes contentment,
real happiness and capacity for service.
4.
What do you know about Gandhiji?
Ans. I know Gandhiji
as Bapu and as Mahatma. He is called Bapu because he was the father of nation.
He is called Mahatma because he was a great soul or saint.
5.
How did our ancestors view large cities? Why were they satisfied
with small villages?
Ans. They viewed large cities
as snares and useless encumbrances, having gangs of thieves, robbers and
prostitutes. Their village fulfilled all their needs. So they were satisfied
with small villages.
6.
What is the distinguishing characteristic of modern civilization?
Ans. The distinguishing
characteristic of modern civilization is an indefinite multiplicity of human
wants.
7.
Why did our ancestors dissuade us from luxuries and pleasures? Did
they do right thing?
Ans. Our ancestors knew that possessions don’t contribute to happiness. The
rich were worried about finding means of increasing their material wealth. On
the other hand, the poor were contented and happy. That why, our ancestors
dissuade us from luxuries and pleasures. And they were right in doing so.
8.
What, according to author is modern
civilization?
Ans. According to
Gandhiji modern civilization is the worship of materialism and violence and
brutality.
9. INDIAN CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE LINE
EXPLANATION
1.
“Civilization is that mode which points out to man
the path of Duty.”
Ans. The given stanza has been taken from “Indian Civilization and Culture”
which is written by Mahatma Gandhi. He was born in 1869. He is known as father
of Nation.
Gandhiji
defines Civilization that it is the mode of conduct that points out to man the
path of Duty. So one can realize of one's duty to perform.
2.
“I believe that the
civilization India has evolved is not to be beaten in the world .
Nothing can equal the seed sown by our ancestors.”
Ans. The given stanza has been taken from “Indian Civilization and Culture”
which is written by Mahatma Gandhi. He was born in 1869. He is known as father
of Nation.
Gandhiji explains that India civilization is unbeatable when compared to the
othercivilizations of the world. Moral values taught by our ancestors is the
base of our civilization and cannot be equated.
3.
“Observing all this our ancestors dissuaded us from luxuries and
pleasures.”
Ans. The given stanza has been
taken from “Indian Civilization and Culture” which is written by Mahatma
Gandhi. He was born in 1869. He is known as father of Nation.
Our ancestors knew that luxuries and pleasures gave momentary satisfaction.
Fresh cravings and desires developed immediately after the accomplishment of
some wants and cycle went on making man its slave.
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